cloug-h



(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 1. F. W. CALOUG'H.

Gage Lathes. No. 234,536.. Patented Nov. 16,1880.-

lin

f5 f/z (Z 625%;

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

P. W. CLOUGH.

Gage Lathes. l

No. 234,536. Patented Nov. 16, |880.

Ummm STATES fArnNr Prien.

FRANCIS WV. CLOUGH, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALFTO NELSON O. NEWELL, OF SAME PLACE, AND JOHN C.

DIOKINSON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GAGE-LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 234,536, dated November16, 1880.

' Application tiled April29, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concer/n:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS W. CLOUGH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State ofMassachusetts,haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Gage-Lathes,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of lathes which are provided withdevices for causing 1o thc turning-tool to be guided automatically, sothat it may cut the object revolved by the lathe-spindle to a certainform 5 and the objects of my invention are to provide improvedtoolguiding mechanism, by the aid of which the motions of said toolrelative to the article to be turned may be adjusted to cutautomatically various irregular forms, guided so to do otherwise thansolely by a special form for each article of differing contour, and toprozo vide an improved clampingspindle for such lathes.

I attain the above-named objects by the construction and devicesillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- 2 5 Figure l is aplan View of my machine. Fig. 2 is an isometrical view of the same, andFig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the clampingspindle with thedriving-pulley thereon.

Like letters refer to like parts in the several 3o figures.

'Upon the bed A of my machine I arrange, in the usual manner, thespindle-bearings c. The upper side of said bed, in front of theworkholding end of the spindle B, is provided with 3 5 suitable ways, asshown, in which the carriage D may slide longitudinally thereon.

Through a down-han gin g portion of carriage D is placed anadjusting-screw, c, adapted to have its inner end bear against the endof bed A. A spring, E, is attached to the bed, and the free end of it iscaused to bear against the end of carriage Dto push it toward the end ofspindle B.

Pivoted to a support on the end of bed A,

as shown, is an elbow-lever, b, the short arm of which engages withcarriage D, and its long arm is pierced with a hole, as shown, wherebysaid lever may, by any suitable hook or other device, be connected to afoot-treadle.

The upper side of carriage D has formed 5o upon it transversely suitableways, as shown, adapted to the reception therein of the toolpostcarriage d, which isarranged to have a transverse motion in said ways,and is provided also with a transverse groove, r2, into 5 5 which thelower end of pin r projects. A rib,

a, on the top side of carriage d has a groove cut therein, as shown.

A tool-post, h, supporting the cutting-tool fi, is secured on the faceof carriage cl, in the usual 6o IDELHUGI.

An elbowlever, H, is pivoted atf on bed A, and the short arm thereof isslotted, as shown, and engages with a pin, a, in the flat end of a rod,o. Said lever H has also a slot, s, in it, having graduation-marks alongone edge of it, as shown.

A pin,'r, is secured adjustably in slot s in lever H, the lower end ofwhich projects into the aforesaid slot in rib a oncarriage d under 7osaid lever, and a downwardly-projecting pin,

m, is secured in said lever between pin fr and the end thereof.

A lever, P, having in it a-slot, as shown, is pivoted to bedA at a', andthe said slot in this 75 lever has also a series of graduation-marksformed along one edge thereof, as shown, and a pin, rf, is securedadjustably in this lever, similar to pin 1^ in lever H. The free end oflever P is adapted to have a form-plate, t, s'e- 8o cured thereto,against the edge of which pin min lever H operates when the latter isswung toward the operator.

Attached to the rear end of bed-A, as shown, is a support, K, whichsupports a spindle- 8 5 hearing screw, q, adapted to bear against therear end of spindle B. A sliding rod, o, lying parallel to spindle B, issupported in proper bearings on hed A, as shown, a pin, a, in whichengages with lever H, as heretofore explained. 9o Secured to the rearend of rod o by a set-screw, as shown, is an arm, o, having in it, nearthe end, a perforation to allow the rear end of spindle B to passthrough it.

Spindle B consists of the outer tubular casing, 2, having a passagedrilled quite through it, as seen in Fig. 3, and counterbored to alarger size from its rear end inward nearly halt' the length of it, asshown, and of an inner clamp-rod, 3, turned to fit and slide freely inthe casing 2, its diameter being adapted to the two sizes of holes inthe latter. The clamprod 3 has its rear end turned of the diameter ofthe counter-bored portion of casing B; but said larger rear end, as seenin Fig. 3, does not reach to the shoulder-at the 'bottom' of the saidcounterbore, thus forming an annular chamber between the smaller part ofsaid clamp-rod and said casing, at one end of which is a shoulder on thelatter, andat thev opposite end ot' which is a shoulder on theclamp-rod, as shown. The forward end ot' clamp-rod 3 is tapped outtoallow of screwing the slotted spring-clamp 5 into the end` ot'V it..

Said spring-clamp is of exterior conical form for a short distance backof its outer end, is sawed longitudinally, as showin-'add has itsprojecting end turned out toallow ofl placing articles of a disk formtherein, as seen inv Fig. 2.

A spiral spring, 6, is placed over clamp-rod 3. The latter is placed incasing 2,.com'press ing spring 6 between the said shoulders atY the endsot said annular chamber, and the springclamp 5 is screwed into rod 3, inthe position seen in Fig. 3, and spring 6 thus draws the conical end ofthe spring-clamp against the open end ot' casing B, causing thejaws ofthe clamp to close together upon any article which may have been placedbetween them when in a free position. 0n the rear end of clamp-rod 3 issecured a collar, 7, adjustable longitudinally thereon.

A driving-pulley, 8, is secured to casing2 by a set-screw, in the usualmanner. Said pulley is counterbored in one end, as shown, forming achamber therein for the reception of a spiral spring, 9, and a ilangedcollar,.l0, tits into the counterbored end of said pulley and bearsagainst said spring 9. AA longitudinal slot is cut in said pulley,asshown inFigs. l, 2, 3, and a pin 'lixed in collar 10 projects intosaid slot in the pulley, thus adapting said pulley and collar to revolvetogether, but allowin ga certain; degree ot' longitudinal motion to saidcollar, to enter and recede from the chamber in the pulley. in which islocated said spiral springt).

When spindle B, together with the pulley 8, collar l0, and spring 9, isplaced in its bearings c, the parts are in the position `shown in theseveral figures, and collar 10 bears against the inner end of thebearing c adjoining it, spring 9 operat-ing to crowd the pulley andyspindle backward against screw q, which is adjusted to tix the open endofthe screwclamp 5 at the proper .distance from the end of thecutting-tool t, and 'when such 'adjustment is made pulley'S is setsufficientlyy far awa-y from `collar l0 to-allow of av movement of theformer toward' the latter when themachine is operated, for the .purposehereinafter stated.

`Springt inside of` casing Z'has a stronger expansive power than `hasspring 9 between pulley 8 and collar l0, to the end that pulleyspring-clamp.

The operation of my machine is as follows, viz: The relative position ofthe open end of the-spring-clamp 5 and the end ot' the cuttingtool aredetermined by the thickness ot` the pieces to be turned in the lathe,and the spin- :dle is moved to the required position by turn- .ingscrewq, which drives it forward, or allowing spring 9 to move it back bywithdrawing said screw, after which pulley 8 is set as above described,and the piece is inserted in the spring-clamp after moving it outfromcasin g 2,y and held therein by allowing it 'to lrecede `again into it,operated by leve-r 11, as hereinafter described.

It will be observed that by drawing the free end of lever H toward thecenter ot the lathe, carriage d, carrying the tool t', is moved at rightangles to the axial line of the spindle B, and

that the degree of the movement of the tool 'relative to that of thelever is, within certain limits, governed by the position ot' the pin 1'in theslot s relative to the pivot-pointf of said lever,and also thatwhen lever H is operated as above described lever P is swung upon itspivot :m by the operation of pin min lever Hagainst `the edge of theform-plate t, and that carriage yD is thereby caused to-slidelongitudinally on bed A, carryingwith it carriage d andthe tool t', andsaid longitudinal movement of carriage D is caused to be more or lessrapid Arel- `ative to themovement ot leverH, according tothe distance otpin 1" from `pivot w. Thus the single movement of lever Habove'mentionedl imparts to the carriages D'and d simultaneouslongitudinal and transverse'movements, `whichare ot' varying relativedegrees ot' velocity, andwhich are determinedby the vrelative positionsof the movable pins rand r in levers H .and P.

When it is :desired to'turn' the faceo'f a disk or `othersimilarly-shaped. piece so thatthe finish-'line from its vperipherytoward its center shall curve-outwardly, acurved form-plate,

as shown, is used on lever P; but when a beveled edgeis to be cutori-said disk aform- 'plate having a-straightfedge `running'from point`12 to; pointv 13cm plate t is used, making plate of triangular form.

Bearing in mindthe above explanationsl A'relativeto the functionsand`operativas of levers H andP, Awith their movableA pins-rand r', incontrolling the movements of carriages Dand d, it will be seen' that bychanging the 'positions of said pins' in 'said levers,;soas`t0 causedifferent degrees 'of transverse and 1on- Vgitudinal' velocity to vbeimparted' tothe; tool i as it cutsthe piece being turned,.curves `orbevels of greatly varying pitch can -be cut,

IOO

IIO

the curved or straight-edged form-plate being used for giving a generallongitudinal movement to the tool, and specific forms of either curvedor beveled shape are produced by changing the fulcrum-points of levers Hand P on carriages D and d. l

y It will be understood that when pin min lever P has moved beyond thecurved or tapering edge of form-plate t onto a straight portion thereofit guides the tool to cut vthe central portion of the face of the diskdat, or nearly so.

By observing the positions of the movable pins i and r in levers H and Pwhen a certain curved or beveled form is cut, the same form may bereproduced at a future time by setting the said pins at the samegraduation marks as before.

rIhe cnt upon the work having been made as above described, lever H ismoved back, causing its slotted arm, which engages with rod o, to slidethe latter and draw arm u against collar 7 on the rear end of rod 3,causing the latter to slide forward, and by the resistance of spring 6to carry spindle B, with the drivingpulley 8, with it, until the end ofsaid pulley strikes the flange of collar l0, compressing spring' 9, whenthe continued movement ot' rod 0 compresses spring 6 and causes theclamp-jaws 5 to slide forward beyond the end ol' the tubular casing 2,and, letting its jaws spring open, the turned piece drops out.

Should the form of a piece placed in the clampjaws 5 be such as tointerfere with the proper contraction of them and prevent the latterfrom being drawn back by spring 6 far enough within casing 2, so as tohold the work at a proper distance from the end of the cutting-tool,thereby keeping the rear end of rod 3 from sliding back against screw q,then spring 9 within the chamber in pulley 8 operates, causing the wholespindle to move rearwardly against said screw, and to bring the workheld by the jaws 5 into proper relative positionbefore the tool, so thatit maybe cut of a proper thickness.

Lever b is adapted to be operated by a treadle to draw carriage Drearwardly on bed A, independent of the action of lever H, to draw toolt' away from the end of spindle B for any required purpose.

The end of screw e is caused to bear against the bed A by the action ofspring E, and by turning said screw the point of tool i is adjusted at aproper distance from its work to begin its cut, and said spring holdsthe edge of the form-plate t rmly against pin on in lever H when theparts are in operation.

What I claimI as my invention is 1. In combination, the carriage D,adapted to slide longitudinally on bed A, the carriage d, carrying thecutting-tool t' and adapted to slide transversely on carriage D, and themechanism, substantially as described and shown, for moving saidcarriages simultaneously by a single operating-lever, to cause thecutting-tool t' to move toward the axial line of the spindle, and at thesame time to recede from the end thereof, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the carriage D, adapted to slide on bed A, andthe carriage d, adapted to slide transversely on the rstnamed carriage,of lever H, pivoted on said bed and provided with a fixed pin, m, and amovable piu, r, adapted to engage with carriage d, and of lever P,pivoted on said bed and provided with a form-plate, t, and with amovable pin, r', adapted to engage with carriage D, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the carriages D and d, of the lever P, pivotedto bed A and provided with a form-plate, substantially as shown, oflever H, pivoted to bed A and provided with a fixed pin, m, and of themovable pins o and o", located in said levers and adapted to be adjustedto co-operate with said form.-

vplate, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the elbow-lever H, its short arm, provided witha slot, as shown, of the sliding rod o, adapted to engage with saidlever, arm o, and spindle B, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

5. In combination with the tubular casing 2, the clamp-rod 3, spring 6,clamp-jaws 5, collar 10, spring 9, and pulley 8, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

6. The combination, with spindle B, of pulley 8, provided with anannular chamber, as shown, spring 9, collar 10, the bearing c, supportK, and screw q, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, with spindle B, provided with the clamp-jaws 5,constructed and adapted to operate substantially as described and shown,of rod o, provided with arm 0, lever H, provided with pin m, carriage d,adapted to carry tool t, carriage D, spring E, lever P, form-plate t,and the fulcrum-pins r and r', substantially as and for the purpose setforth;

FRANCIS W. CLOUGH.

In presence of GHAs. BILL, WM. H. GHAPIN.

IOO

IIO

